ارزش افزوده صنایع تولیدی (رشد سالانه، درصد)_

رویدادها

1. 01۱۹۸۹First Post-War Five-Year Plan (Rafsanjani reconstruction)قوت ارتباط

   Rafsanjani government begins post-war economic liberalization and reconstruction planning after Khomeini's death (June 1989).

   چرایی این پیوند: Manufacturing value added grew 28.1% in 1990 and 21.2% in 1991 -- by far the two fastest years in the entire 1985-2024 series -- as the reconstruction-era reopening of import channels (parts, raw materials, capital goods) and reduced wartime disruption drove an immediate rebound in industrial output, echoing the recovery pattern visible in the companion automotive-production chart over the same years.

   ملاحظه: Part of this is a mechanical low-base recovery effect (rebounding off severely war-depressed 1988-89 output) rather than proof of durable, sustainable industrial-policy success on its own.

   تأخیر اثر: immediate, 1990-1991منبع: Iran Data Portal (Syracuse University)
2. 02۲۰۱۲SWIFT disconnection and oil-export sanctionsقوت ارتباط

   Major Iranian banks cut off from SWIFT messaging; US NDAA sanctions target foreign purchasers of Iranian oil, triggering a sharp rial depreciation through 2012-13.

   چرایی این پیوند: Manufacturing value added contracted 4.3% in 2012 and 5.5% in 2013 -- one of only a handful of negative-growth episodes in the whole series outside the 1980s war years -- as the sanctions-driven banking blockade and rial collapse cut off imported inputs and financing that Iranian manufacturers depended on, mirroring the same-year recession visible in the economy-wide GDP-growth chart.

   ملاحظه: None substantial -- this closely tracks the well-corroborated 2012-13 sanctions recession documented elsewhere in this database.

   تأخیر اثر: immediate, 2012-2013منبع: USIP Iran Primer — Timeline of U.S. Sanctions
3. 03۲۰۱۸US withdraws from JCPOAقوت ارتباط

   President Trump announces US withdrawal from the JCPOA and reimposition of sanctions after 90/180-day wind-down periods (effective Aug 7 and Nov 5, 2018).

   چرایی این پیوند: Manufacturing value added contracted 3.2% in 2018, in line with the broader economy-wide recession that followed the JCPOA withdrawal and snapback sanctions.

   ملاحظه: The following year (2019) shows modest positive growth (+1.6%) even as the overall economy kept contracting, suggesting manufacturing specifically absorbed less of the ongoing shock that particular year than the oil/export sector did -- a nuance worth flagging rather than assuming a uniform multi-year manufacturing collapse.

   تأخیر اثر: immediate (same year)منبع: Wikipedia — US withdrawal from the JCPOA (cross-check against OFAC primary orders)